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妊娠晚期和哺乳期日糧纖維來源對(duì)母豬生產(chǎn)性能、乳汁質(zhì)量和仔豬腸道健康的影響
發(fā)布單位:天津瑞孚農(nóng)牧科技集團(tuán)有限公司
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時(shí)間：2020-01-16本試驗(yàn)旨在研究飼糧中添加兩種來源的纖維：甜菜渣（SBP）和麥麩（WB），對(duì)母豬生產(chǎn)性能、乳汁質(zhì)量和仔豬腸道健康的影響。選取45頭妊娠85天的經(jīng)產(chǎn)母豬，隨機(jī)分到3個(gè)試驗(yàn)處理組中：1）玉米-豆粕基礎(chǔ)飼糧（CON組）；2）在CON基礎(chǔ)日糧的基礎(chǔ)上，妊娠期添加20% SBP，哺乳期添加10% SBP（SBP組）；3）CON基礎(chǔ)日糧的基礎(chǔ)上，妊娠期添加30% WB和泌乳期添加15% WB （WB組）。
母仔豬
試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)顯示，與CON組相比，SBP組日糧顯著提高了泌乳期母豬ADFI、斷奶窩重和仔豬體重、仔豬ADG，同時(shí)增加了初乳中免疫球蛋白IgA和白介素IL-10水平，乳汁中IgA含量（P < 0.05），而WB組日糧僅僅增加了乳汁中IL-10水平（P < 0.05）。SBP組母豬所產(chǎn)仔豬中血清生長(zhǎng)激素（GH）和胰島素樣生長(zhǎng)因子-1水平相較于WB組和CON組顯著增加（P < 0.05），而WB組仔豬相較于對(duì)照組仔豬血清GH水平顯著升高（P < 0.05）。SBP和WB組仔豬血清二胺氧化酶活性、內(nèi)毒素、IL-6和腫瘤壞死因子-α（TNF-α）水平顯著降低（P < 0.05）。相比于對(duì)照組，SBP組仔豬血清IL-10水平也顯著增加（P < 0.05）。而SBP和WB組仔豬的回腸TNF-α的mRNA表達(dá)量降低（P < 0.05）。與WB和CON組比較，SBP組仔豬降低了回腸中IL-6表達(dá)水平（P < 0.05），而提高了IL-10和分泌型免疫球蛋白A（SIgA）的表達(dá)水平（P < 0.05）；與對(duì)照組相比，WB組仔豬IL-10和SIgA水平顯著增加（P < 0.05）。SBP組仔豬回腸閉鎖蛋白的mRNA表達(dá)明顯高于對(duì)照組（P < 0.05）。WB組仔豬的回腸ZO-1的mRNA表達(dá)明顯高于對(duì)照組（P < 0.05），但是顯著低于SBP組仔豬（P < 0.05）。SBP組仔豬結(jié)腸中克里斯滕森菌科的微生物相對(duì)豐度和丁酸水平顯著增加（P < 0.05），而WB組仔豬的乳桿菌科的微生物相對(duì)豐度顯著提高（P < 0.05）。
綜上所述，在改善母體乳汁質(zhì)量、提高生產(chǎn)性能和仔豬腸道屏障功能、腸道炎癥方面，在母豬日糧中添加SBP相對(duì)于WB來說，效果更明顯。
Effects of dietary fiber sources during late gestation and lactation on sow performance, milk quality, and intestinal health in piglets
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with 2 sources of fiber, sugar beet pulp (SBP), and wheat bran (WB), on sow performance, milk quality, and intestinal health in piglets. Forty-five multiparous sows at day 85 of gestation were allocated to the following 3 treatments: 1) a corn-soybean meal basal diet (CON); 2) the CON diet supplemented with 20% SBP in gestation and 10% SBP in lactation (SBP); and 3) the CON diet supplemented with 30% WB in gestation and 15% WB in lactation (WB). The SBP diets increased (P < 0.05) sow ADFI during lactation, litter and piglet weaning weight, piglet ADG, immunoglobulin A (IgA), and interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels in the colostrum and IgA levels in the milk, while the WB diets only increased (P < 0.05) IL-10 levels in the milk when compared with the CON diets. Piglets from SBP-fed sows had greater (P < 0.05) serum growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-1 levels than those from WB-fed or CON-fed sows, whereas piglets from WB-fed sows had greater (P < 0.05) serum GH levels than those from CON-fed sows. Serum diamine oxidase activity, endotoxin, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels were reduced (P < 0.05) in piglets from SBP-fed or WB-fed sows. Piglets from SBP-fed sows also had greater (P < 0.05) serum IL-10 levels than those from CON-fed sows. The ileal mRNA expression of TNF-α was reduced (P < 0.05) in piglets from SBP-fed or WB-fed sows. Piglets from SBP-fed sows had lower (P < 0.05) IL-6 expression, and greater (P < 0.05) IL-10 expression and secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) levels in the ileum than those from WB- or CON-fed sows. Piglets from WB-fed sows had greater (P < 0.05) IL-10 expression and SIgA levels compared with those from CON-fed sows. The ileal mRNA expression of occludin in the ileum was greater (P < 0.05) in piglets from SBP-fed sows than those from CON-fed sows. The ileal mRNA expression of ZO-1 was greater (P < 0.05) in piglets from WB-fed sows than those from CON-fed sows, but lower (P < 0.05) than those from SBP-fed sows. Piglets from SBP-fed sows had greater (P < 0.05) abundance of Christensenellaceae and butyrate levels in the colon, while piglets from WB-fed sows had greater (P < 0.05) abundance of Lactobacillaceae. Collectively, maternal SBP supplementation was more effective than WB in improving milk quality, enhancing growth performance and intestinal barrier function, and ameliorating intestinal inflammation in piglets.文章來源：豬營(yíng)養(yǎng)國(guó)際論壇
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